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World of Vegetation - Rare and Endemic Species

Nature Park Rusenski Lom flora counts 902 species (24% of all the species in Bulgaria), among which there are 30 Balkan and 1 Bulgarian endemic. Endemic plants form 3.4% of all the plants in the Park. Dieckian Mullein (Verbascum dieckianum), which population can be found only in Rusenski Lom catchments area are among the rarest Balkan endemic species.

Among the rarest plants in the catchment of the Rusenski Lom River as well as all over Bulgaria is Siberian Calf-breeder (Polygala sibirica). The species was found for the first time in 1997 in Bulgaria. The locality of about 150 individuals, is the only one in Bulgaria and on the Balkan Peninsula, too. The species is spread from East Romania to China and is definitely fond of places of steppe characteristict.

 

Kovachev Tagasaste (Chamaecytisus kovacevii (Velen.) Rothm.)

This is the only one endemic in the Lom Valley. Its habotat includes just the Northern part of the Danube Plain, west of the city of Ruse. The numberous localities of Kovachev Tagasaste are found in the northern watershed of the Roussenski Lom River. The plant was first described for the science in the research of Czech botanist Yosef Velenovski by herbarial materials, sent to him by the well-known Bulgarian naturalist Vasil Kovachev at the beginning of the 20 th century.


Five localities of Forest Anemone (Anemone sylvestris) are discovered in Rusenski Lom Nature Park till now. This is another rare species for Bulgarian flora of Asian origin as well as of steppe nature.

Because of their limited spreading and various extent of threat with extinction, most of the plants described, will be included in the new Red Data Book of Bulgaria, which will be published at the end of 2007.

Butchers Broom (Ruscus hipoglossum)

The twings that are kind of "leaves" - phylloclade, are the most interesting about this semi-shrub. Most often, small, reduced, flake-like leaces are formed along the medium vein. It blooms in March and April. Blossoms are quite small, arranged upon the membraneous scutlum. Grainy red fruits develop form the latter and adorn evergreen phyloclade during wintertime, too. Along with the rare species described ordinary Butchers Broom (Ruscus aculcatus) is also spread. There are relicts since the Tertiary period of our flora.



Nine species of Orchid's family are found in the Park and the Balkan Lizard Orchid (Himantoglossum caprinum) is the most interesting and rare among them. Purple and Monkey Orchid as well as Large White and Long-leafed Helleborine are not lesser interesting.

Lilac (Syringa vulgaris) is another interesting ligneous species, which is widely spread in Rusenski Lom Nature Park. Hardly known is the fact that it is Balkan endemic species i.e. it can be seen within its natural habitat only in the countries of the Balkan Peninsula. Like the Hackberry Tree, it belongs to the group of petrophile (rock) species. It is favourite and popular ornamental shrub all over Europe and abroad.

 

Nude Hackberry Tree (Celtis glabrata)

 

This is the rarest species among ligneous species (the so called dendroflora). It grows mainly in the rock cracks of canyon-type Valley of Rusenski Lom River. This species of Caucasian origin in Europe raches the Crimea and East Bulgaria. Until recently the Nude Hackberry Tree was wrongly taken for Caucasian Hackberry Tree, which is close ligneous species that also inhabits the area of Caucasus.

 


 

Direction of Nature Park Rusenski Lom

7 blvd. General Skobelev, 7000 Ruse, Bulgaria

tel./fax: +359 82/ 872 397; e-mail: info@lomea.org

Siberan Calf-breeder (Polygala sibirica L.)
1. Siberan Calf-breeder (Polygala sibirica L.)
 
2. Dieckian Mullein (Verbascum Dieckianum Borb.& Degen)
2. Dieckian Mullein (Verbascum Dieckianum Borb.& Degen)
 
 
3. Potentilla Emilie (Potentilla emili-popii Nyar.)
(Astragalus Haarbachi) )
 
 
Forest Anemone (Anemone sylvestris)
4. Forest Anemone (Anemone sylvestris)
 
 
Spring Pheasant's Eye (Adonis vernalis)
5. Spring Pheasant's Eye (Adonis vernalis)
 
 
Healing Althea (Althea officinalis)
6. Healing Althea (Althea officinalis)
 
 
Gas Plant (Dictamnus albus)
7. Gas Plant (Dictamnus albus)
 
Rock Pink (Dianthus petraeus)
8. Rock Pink (Dianthus petraeus)
 
Pasque Flower (Pulsatilla vulgaris)
9.Pasque Flower (Pulsatilla vulgaris)
Hungarian Iris (Iris variegate)
10. Hungarian Iris (Iris variegate)
Balkan Lizard Orchid (Himantoglossum hircinum)
11. Balkan Lizard Orchid (Himantoglossum hircinum)
Green-Winged Orchid (Orchis morio)
12. Green-Winged Orchid (Orchis morio)
Pyramidal Orchid (Anacamptis pyramidalis)
13. Pyramidal Orchid (Anacamptis pyramidalis)
 
 
© 2007 Boyan Petkov
 

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